Under certain conditions, at and outside the boundary of the area in which a great shock is felt:



»	Sometimes birds, animals, reported uneasy and disturbed;
»	Sometimes dizziness or nausea experienced;
»	Sometimes trees, structures, liquids, bodies of water, may sway; doors may swing, very slowly.

II. Felt indoors by few, especially on upper floors, or by sensitive or      nervous persons.

Also, as in grade I, but often more noticeably:



»	Sometimes hanging objects may swing, especially when delicately suspended;
»	Sometimes trees, structures, liquids, bodies of water, may sway, doors may swing, very slowly;
»	Sometimes birds, animals, reported uneasy and disturbed;
»	Sometimes dizziness or nausea experienced.

III. Felt indoors by several, motion usually rapid vibration.

»	Sometimes not recognized to be an earthquake at first.
»	Duration estimated in some cases.
»	Vibration like that due to the passing of light or lightly loaded trucks or heavy trucks some distance away.
»	Hanging objects may swing slightly.
»	Movements may be appreciable on upper levels of tall structures.
»	Rocked standing motor cars slightly.

IV. Felt indoors by many, outdoors by few.

»	Awakened few, especially light sleepers.
»	Frightened no one, unless apprehensive from previous experience.
»	Vibration like that due to the passing of heavy or heavily loaded trucks.
»	Sensation like heavy body striking building or falling of heavy objects inside.
»	Rattling of dishes, windows, doors; glassware and crockery clink and clash.
»	Creaking of walls, frame, especially in the upper range of this grade.
»	Hanging objects swung, in numerous instances.
»	Slightly disturbed liquids in open vessels. Rocked standing motor cars noticeably.

V. Felt indoors by practically all, outdoors by many or most: outdoors direction estimated.

»	Awakened many, or most.
»	Frightened few, -- slight excitement, a few ran outdoors.
»	Buildings trembled throughout.
»	Broke dishes, glassware, to some extent.
»	Cracked windows -- in some cases, but not generally.
»	Overturned vases, small or unstable objects, in many instances, with occasional fall.
»	Hanging objects, doors, swing generally or considerably.
»	Knocked pictures against walls, or swung them out of place.
»	Opened, or closed, doors, shutters, abruptly. Pendulum clocks stopped, started, or ran fast, or slow.
»	Moved small objects, furnishings, the latter to slight extent.
»	Spilled liquids in small amounts from well-filled open containers.
»	Trees, bushes, shaken slightly.

VI. Felt by all, indoors and outdoors.

»	Awakened all.
»	Frightened many excitement general, some alarm, many ran outdoors.
»	Persons made to move unsteadily.
»	Trees, bushes, shaken slightly to moderately.
»	Liquid set in strong motion.
»	Small bells rang -- church, chapel, school, etc.
»	Damage slight in poorly built buildings.
»	Fall of plaster in small amount.
»	Cracked plaster somewhat, especially fine cracks; chimneys in some instances.
»	Broke dishes, fall of knick-knacks, books, pictures.
»	Overturned furniture in many instances.
»	Moved furnishings of moderately heavy kind.

VII. Frightened all -- general alarm, all ran outdoors.

»	Some, or many, found it difficult to stand.
»	Noticed by persons driving motor cars.
»	Trees and bushes shaken moderately to strongly.
»	Waves on ponds, lakes, and running water.
»	Water turbid from mud stirred up.
»	Incaving to some extent of sand or gravel stream banks.
»	Rang large church bells, etc.
»	Suspended objects made to quiver.
»	Damage negligible in buildings of good design and construction, slight to moderate in well-built ordinary buildings, considerable in poorly built or badly designed buildings, adobe houses, old walls (especially where laid up without mortar), spires, etc.
»	Cracked chimneys to considerable extent, walls to some extent.
»	Fall of plaster in considerable to large amount, also some stucco.
»	Broke numerous windows, furniture to some extent.
»	Shook down loosened brickwork and tiles.
»	Broke weak chimneys at the roof-line (sometimes damaging roofs).
»	Fall of cornices from towers and high buildings.
»	Dislodged bricks and stones.
»	Overturned heavy furniture, with damage from breaking.
»	Damage considerable to concrete irrigation ditches.

VIII. Fright general -- alarm approaches panic.

»	Disturbed persons driving motor cars.
»	Trees shaken strongly -- branches, trunks, broken off, especially palm trees.
»	Ejected sand and mud in small amounts.
»	Changes: temporary, permanent; in flow of springs and wells; dry wells renewed flow; in temperature of spring and well waters.
»	Damage slight in structures (brick) built especially to withstand earthquakes.
»	Considerable in ordinary substantial buildings, partial collapse: racked, tumbled down, wooden houses in some cases; threw out panel walls in frame structures, broke off decayed piling.
»	Fall of walls.
»	Cracked, broke, solid stone walls seriously.
»	Wet ground to some extent, also ground on steep slopes.
»	Twisting, fall, of chimneys, columns, monuments, also factory stacks, towers.
»	Moved conspicuously, overturned, very heavy furniture.

IX. Panic general.

»	Cracked ground conspicuously.
»	Damage considerable in (masonry) structures built especially to withstand earthquakes;
»	threw out of plumb some wood-frame houses built especially to withstand earthquakes;
»	great in substantial (masonry) buildings, some collapse in large part; or wholly shifted frame buildings off foundations, racked frames;
»	serious to reservoirs; underground pipes sometimes broken.

X. Cracked ground, especially when loose and wet, up to widths of several     inches; fissures up to a yard in width ran parallel to canal and stream banks.

»	Landslides considerable from river banks and steep coasts.
»	Shifted sand and mud horizontally on beaches and flat land.
»	Changed level of water in wells.
»	Threw water on banks of canals, lakes, rivers, etc.
»	Serious damage to dams, dikes, embankments.
»	Severe to well-built wooden structures and bridges, some destroyed.
»	Developed dangerous cracks in excellent brick walls.
»	Destroyed most masonry and frame structures, also their foundations.
»	Bent railroad rails slightly.
»	Tore apart, or crushed endwise, pipe lines buried in earth.
»	Open cracks and broad wavy folds in cement pavements and asphalt road surfaces.

XI. Disturbances in ground many and widespread, varying with ground       material.

»	Broad fissures, earth slumps, and land slips in soft, wet ground.
»	Ejected water in large amount charged with sand and mud.
»	Caused sea-waves ("tidal" waves) of significant magnitude.
»	Damage severe to wood-frame structures, especially near shock centers.
»	Great to dams, dikes, embankments, often for long distances.
»	Few, if any (masonry), structures remained standing.
»	Destroyed large well-built bridges by the wrecking of supporting piers, or pillars.
»	Affected yielding wooden bridges less.
»	Bent railroad rails greatly, and thrust them endwise.
»	Put pipe lines buried in earth completely out of service.

XII. Damage total -- practically all works of construction damaged greatly or        destroyed.

»	Disturbances in ground great and varied, numerous shearing cracks.
»	Landslides, falls of rock of significant character, slumping of river banks, etc., numerous and extensive.
»	Wrenched loose, tore off, large rock masses.
»	Fault slips in firm rock, with notable horizontal and vertical offset displacements.
»	Water channels, surface and underground, disturbed and modified greatly.
»	Dammed lakes, produced waterfalls, deflected rivers, etc.
»	Waves seen on ground surfaces (actually seen, probably, in some cases).
»	Distorted lines of sight and level.
»	Threw objects upward into the air.